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W. J. GALLAGHAN. SAFETY LAMP.

' INVENTOI? *6 I ATTORNEYS.

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U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. OALLAGHAN, OF CONNELLSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

SAFETY-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,455, dated March26,1895.

Application filed April 20, 1894'.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. CALLAGHAN, of Oonnellsville, inlthecounty of Fayette and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new andImproved Safety-Lamp, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

My invention relates to improvements in safety lamps and particularly tothat variety of safety lamps used by miners.

The object of my invention is to produce a lamp of this character, whichmay besafely used in explosive gas, which has a perfectly safe andstrong lock, which is itself strong enough to resist the action ofburning gas within it, which needs no shield to protect the flame in thegas, which is perfectly ventilated, which gives a steady light in acurrent of air, which is very sensitive with a large flame in gas, whichis automatic in its action in smothering the flame within it,which willextinguish the light and shut up the lamp as soon as the surrounding airbecomes dangerously charged with an explosive gas, which is constructedin such a way that the flame cannot be projected outward from the lamp,which is easily examined, and is arranged in such a way that'its damagedparts may be easily detected.

To these ends my invention consists of certain features of constructionand combinations of parts, which will be hereinafter described andclaimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved lamp. Fig. 2 is a centralvertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on the line. 33of Fig. 2. Fig. 4. is a sectional plan on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5is a detail side elevation of the inner tube of the lamp top.

The lamp proper 10 is of the usual kind, adapted to screw into the ring11. This ring is not new but I claim the means of locking the two partstogether. The lock has a lug 12 which is fastened to the ring 11 andoverlaps the lamp 10, and in this lug is a screw 13, the inner end ofwhich is adapted to enter a socket in the lamp body, as shown in Fig. 2,while in the lug above the screw is a hole 14, into which molten leadmay be poured which forms a Serial No. 508,262. (No model.)

packing around the screw and hermetically sealsit. The lamp is providedwith'the customary glass ring 15 and with the usual side guards l6connecting with'the flange 17 at the base of the outer tube 18 of thelamp top, which tube is perforated near the bottom, as shown at 19, theobject of these perforations appearing hereinafter. perforated near thetop, as shown at20, and riveted to the upper end of the tube is a smokecap 21 which is provided with smoke holes 22 and has a handle 23attached.

Between the bottomof the tube 18 and the top of the glass ring 15 is aperforated plate 24, which is open at the center and which hasupwardly-extending arms 25 adapted to project through the slots 26 indiametrically opposite sidcs of. the inner tube 29, and these 7 armshave, at their upper ends, a fusible link 27 on which rests the crossrod 28 of the inner tube 29, which tube is smaller than the outer tubeso as to leave an air space between them,- but near the bottom it isenlarged, as shown at '75 30, so as to fill the outer tube. The innertube 29 is provided near the top with a transverse perforated plate3l,-above which are side apertures 32, and the top of the inner'tube andof the outer tube also, are closed by a perfo- 8o rated plate 33.

The lamp burns freely under ordinary circumstances, and the action of itin gas is as follows: The gas enters freely through the intake holes inthelamp top and, reaching the light, ignites, causing the burning gas toimmediately melt the fusible link 27, thus taking away thesupport of theinner tube which immediatel y drops, bringing the part 30 opposite theholes 19 and closing them. This action shuts out the gas on the outsideand shuts in and smothers the gas within the lamp.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A lamp comprising the body having the glass ring,the outer tube resting on top of the ring and provided with lateralperforations at its upper and lower ends, an inner vertically slidingtube between which and the outer tube an annular space is formed,thelower end of the inner tube having an annular imperforate enlargement30 to close said lower perforations, a perforated partition in the upperpor- The tube 18 is also 60 u tion of the inner tube, said tube havinglateral openings 32 thereabove, a transverse'apertured plate coveringthe top of the inner tube and extending beyond the same over the annularspace between the two tubes, and a fusible support to hold said innertube raised, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the lamp having a body and a glass ringthereon, of the perforated outer tube of the lamp top, an inner tubeperforated near the top and provided with an outer ring to close theperforations in the outer tube, a perforated plate arranged beneath theouter tube, upwardly extending arms on the said plate, a fusible linkcarried by the arms, and means for supporting the inner tube on the saidfusible link, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the lamp having a body and a glass ringthereon, of the top comprising an outer tube perforated near its upperand lower ends, an inner tube having a ring or annular enlargement 30 toclose the holes in the lower portion of the outer tube, a

plate arranged beneath the tubes, and upwardly projecting arms having afusible support to holdthe inner tube with the closing ring above thelower holes in the outer tube, said inner tube having a cross bar at itslower end to rest on said fusible support substantially as described.

t. The combination, with the lamp having a body and a glass ringthereon, of the top comprising an outer tube perforated near the top andbottom, an inner tube arranged within the outer tube and provided with atransverse perforated plate and side openings near the top, a perforatedtop plate for the two tubes, a perforated plate arranged beneath the twotubes, upwardly extending arms on the perforated plate, a fusible linkcarried by the arms, and a cross rod secured to the inner tube andarranged to ride on the link, substantially as described.

WILLIAM J. CALLAGl-IAN. Witnesses:

BERNARD CALLAGHAN, JOHN STEVENSON.

